Deze uitspraak http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKUT/IAC/2013/00046_ukut_iac_sl_ors_azerbaijan_cg.html geeft veel achtergrond informatie over Azerbeidzjan.
De rechtbank komt tot de volgende comclusie:
108. Having considered all
the evidence before us we conclude:
1.
Azerbaijan is a country with high levels of corruption
and there is clear evidence that political dissent is not tolerated.
2.
There is nothing to
indicate that the State would in any way penalise unmarried mothers (approximately
10% of mothers) or those who have mixed race children. There are in place some
support mechanisms for single parents.
3.
In order to access
benefits, accommodation or work a residence permit (a propiska) is
required. There is nothing to indicate that Azerbaijanis who have lost their propiska
would be unable to obtain a replacement. Children have access to education.
There is some evidence that Government officials may require blat – a
system of favours - from those who need to obtain housing or other benefits but
there is nothing to suggest that that system is universal and would mean that
those who refused to offer blat would be shut out from accommodation,
schooling or other benefits.
4.
Although the Azerbaijani
Government has ratified most Conventions relating to human rights and the
compliance with the norms therein is improving, the reality is that the
improvement is from a low starting point. Many NGOs dealing with human rights
exist in Baku and there is also an Ombudsman to whom complaints can be made.
5.
Although in the early
1990s there was discrimination against those of Russian ethnicity the situation
for them normalised by 1996. Ethnic Russian make up approximately 8% of the
population. Prejudice may still exist but 80% of Ethnic Russians are in work -
only slightly fewer that those in work in the population as a whole (83.7%).
6.
There is some
discrimination against Christians but there is freedom for Christians to
practice their religion.
7.
Azerbaijani society,
particularly in rural areas, is traditional and attitudes to women are
conservative - nevertheless approximately 10% of mothers are unmarried.
Family support networks (krisha) are a strong feature of family life and
benefit family members, for instance when obtaining work.
8.
Although the concept of
family honour among more traditional families in Azerbaijan (namus)
exists there is nothing to indicate that there is a real risk of honour
killings or other ill-treatment of those who are considered by members of
their families to have brought dishonour on the family. Nor is there any
indication that there would not be a sufficiency of protection for those women.
9.
Azerbaijan is a traditional society and those who do
not fit in, such as those of mixed race may well face discrimination and
prejudice. Armenians and Lezghins are particularity likely to face
discrimination.
10.
There is nothing to
indicate that a single parent without parental support or her child would face
treatment which would either amount to persecution or cross the threshold of Article
3 ill treatment.
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